General Knowledge on Topical Corticosteroids

Topical Corticosteroids

Topical corticosteroids are preparations intended to be applied to skin surface to reduce itchiness and skin inflammation. It is used for various skin diseases such as eczema, allergic dermatitis and psoriasis. They cannot cure and may aggravate infectious skin diseases.

Types of Topical Corticosteroids

Topical corticosteroids are classified as mild, moderate, potent and very potent according to their anti-inflammatory properties. They are available in the form of cream, lotion, ointment, etc. Common examples include fluocinolone, hydrocortisone and betamethasone.

Usage

1. Clean and dry your hands and the affected area before applying the medication.
2. Apply sparingly to the affected area according to your doctor’s instructions.
3. Wash your hands after use unless the medication is applied to your hands for treatment.
   
   
   

Advice on Medications

• Consult your doctor immediately if you experience any allergic reactions such as skin rash, swelling of the face or hands and breathing difficulty.
• Do not use the medications without doctors’ instructions. Misusing the drugs may cause more side effects and aggravate the skin conditions.
• Do not apply too much of the medications or apply to broken skin to prevent systemic side effects due to excessive absorption of the medication.
• Avoid scratching the affected area as it may lead to skin lesions and infections.
• Do not wrap or cover the affected area with a bandage unless advised by your doctor.
• If you have allergic contact dermatitis, avoid contacting irritants and allergens such as detergents and chemical substances. You may wear gloves to protect your skin when using detergents.
  
  
  

Precautions

Topical Steroid Withdrawal Reaction

If you have a flare-up or your skin condition returns shortly after stopping treatment, and you have been using topical corticosteroids without stopping for a long time, you may be experiencing a type of topical steroid withdrawal reaction.

Topical steroid withdrawal reactions are usually seen after long-term use of topical corticosteroids. For example, longer than 12 months in adults. They have also been seen after as little as 2 months of continual use in children. Withdrawal reactions are also usually seen if the medicine was used very often or for prolonged periods of time. Reactions are more common after use in sensitive areas such as the face or genitals.

Signs of severe topical steroid withdrawal reactions include redness of the skin. This redness can extend beyond the area treated with the topical corticosteroid. Redness can be a spectrum of pink, to purple, which may show as darkening of the normal skin tone and can vary depending on the skin tone of the individual. Other signs include burning or stinging, intense itching, peeling of the skin, or oozing open sores. These signs may occur days or weeks after stopping treatment.

Contact your doctor if you experience any of the above after stopping treatment.

Common Side Effects

Topical corticosteroids are generally well-tolerated for short term use. Local side effects, including skin dryness, itching, stinging and reddening of the skin, may occur. Prolonged use in excessive amount may cause skin thinning.
As side effects of topical corticosteroids depend on dosage, type of drug and duration of treatment, it is crucial to follow doctors’ instructions.

Storage

Store the medications in a cool, dry place and away from direct heat and light. Generally, there is no need to store in the refrigerator unless stated on drug labels. Store the medications out of reach of children. Discard all medications that are expired or if you no longer require to use them.

This information leaflet is for reference only.
Medicines should be used as directed by the doctor and pharmacist.
For enquiry, please contact your doctor, dispensary staff or other healthcare professionals.
Do not share your medicine with others.

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